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kevin
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anonymous (not verified)
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NHS Wales -Consultations
anonymous (not verified)
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Equality of Opportunity Committee - Wales, December 2009
anonymous (not verified)
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Surveillance of HIV/AIDS in Wales
Surveillance of HIV/AIDS in the UK is undertaken by the Health Protection Agency (HPA) with the collaboration of the NPHS for the collection of data for Wales. The latest surveillance report of HIV in the UK was published by the HPA in November 2008 and is available from the link: HIV in the United Kingdom: 2008 Report
 
The latest trends in the rate of HIV infection in Wales (and of other STIs) are available in the report: HIV and STI Trends in Wales Report: January 2009 (PDF, 526KB)
 
As many of those who are infected do not know that they have acquired HIV, complex methods of surveillance are needed to estimate the number of people with HIV infection.
 
Within the UK, information on HIV infections is collected from several sources. The major sources of information for Wales are:
  • reports from clinicians, laboratories and genito-urinary medicine (GUM) clinics of newly diagnosed infections
  • results of screening donated blood 
  • Survey of Prevalent HIV Infections Diagnosed (SOPHID survey). This is an annual survey of all patients seen for HIV related treatment or care. Reports from this survey are available from the HPA website from the link: HPA-SOPHID Survey
  • Unlinked Anonymous Prevalence Monitoring Programme (UAPMP). This is a family of unlinked anonymous surveys which test blood samples taken for other investigations, after they have been irreversibly unlinked from any patient identifiers. All reporting methods are confidential and avoid the use of names. Reports from this survey are available from the HPA website from the link: HPA-UAPMP Programme
The data given below is reproduced from the latest HIV New Diagnoses Quarterly Surveillance Tables. These tables are available to download from the HPA website from the link: HPA-New Diagnoses of HIV Surveillance Tables
 
Numbers, particularly for recent years, may rise due to the delay in receiving some reports. Data for 2008 is to the end of December 2008.
 
http://www.wales.nhs.uk/sites3/page.cfm?orgId=457&pid=26424
kevin
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Last seen: 51 weeks 1 day ago
Joined: 09/03/2009
Welsh charity helps Ugandan HIV orphans' school

FOR orphan Shariff Hugenyi school is not just somewhere to go. It’s a reminder he is still a little boy.

Because when he’s not in class, the seven-year-old is usually in hospital being treated for HIV.

Shariff doesn’t know much about his condition, only that it killed his parents and is the reason he has to take medicine.

But for four hours a day he can forget about feeling ill and learn and play with children his own age – thanks to a Welsh charity.

Sadly, Shariff is not alone as an African child condemned to living life with HIV/Aids. But he is one of the few who get a chance to study.

And although education is free in Uganda, many children cannot afford either uniforms or exercise books and simply don’t attend.

But a small Welsh outpost has been set up in one of the country’s poorest areas to help some of the worst-off children.

King’s Primary School in Bunanbutye, eastern Uganda, has a joint Welsh/Ugandan management team and was opened in 2004.

It is run by Ezra, a charity controlled from an office in the Valleys home of Mary Griffiths, a former headteacher.

Mary set up the private primary school, which has 330 pupils, after being deeply touched at seeing school conditions in Uganda.

She said: “In 1994 I visited a village that a Ugandan friend of mine told me was one of the poorest.

“The school was just a mud hut with one teacher and a piece of corrugated iron was being used as a blackboard.

“After that I raised £600 by doing a charity abseil and giving it to the village to use for the school.

“But one of the elders said to me, ‘If you really want to help you should build a school’ – and they gave me 14 acres of land.”

During the past 16 years, Mary has built the school a classroom at a time and it takes on around 60 more pupils each academic year.

But with limited resources progress is slow. Mary did manage to install a bore-hole so families can fetch fresh water instead of drinking from rivers infested with cholera and other diseases.

Mary said: “What we really need is electricity. We have a generator which we can use sometimes to power a computer but it’s not ideal.

“If we could get electricity we could use the school at night and we could run adult literacy classes from there.”

One of the biggest challenges facing Mary and Ezra is raising money and support in Wales.

Recently the charity received backing from Newport High School where students and teachers a launched £10,000 project to kit-out King’s Primary.

The link between the two schools was the idea of Newport High teaching assistant Helen Morgan when Newport High moved to a new £30m building.

Mrs Morgan said: “When I found out that all of this equipment was just going to be chucked out I couldn’t believe it.

“I thought it was too much of a waste and it could surely be of some use somewhere else.

“I approached our head, Gary Schlick, and told him my mad idea to send it all to Africa and surprisingly he supported it.”

Mrs Morgan said she was even more surprised when the governors and the local council agreed to let the Newport staff jet off for two weeks.

She said: “To actually go to Uganda and meet the children and teachers that will be using the equipment has been fantastic.

“On the last day we made sure we gave every child a new pencil and a water bottle – it was like it was Christmas day for them.

“I’m not sure the reaction would be the same if you gave that to children over here.”

http://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/wales-news/2010/03/21/welsh-charity-he...

anonymous (not verified)
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HIV - Wales

 

General information


HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus and is the virus known to cause AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome).
 
HIV kills or damages cells of the body's immune system, progressively destroying its ability to fight infections and certain cancers.
 
A person infected with HIV is only said to have AIDS either when the immune system damage has reached a certain severity or they have developed one or more of a list of 26 otherwise rare illnesses as a result of the immune system breakdown. It can take from a few months to over 10 years for an infected person to develop symptoms.
 
HIV is passed on from an infected person through the transfer of body fluids such as blood, semen, vaginal fluid and breast milk.
 
There are certain groups whose activities may put them at higher risk of infection than others. These include; men who have sex with men (MSM), injecting drug users (IDU), people who have lived as adults in countries where heterosexual transmission of HIV is common (notably South, East and Central Africa) and babies born to infected mothers.
  
There is no vaccine or cure yet available for HIV infection but there is treatment which dramatically slows the progress of the disease.
 
General information about HIV/AIDS is available on the Public Health Wales main website at: http://www.wales.nhs.uk/sitesplus/888/page/43730
 
 

Surveillance of HIV/AIDS in Wales


Surveillance of HIV/AIDS in the UK is undertaken by the Health Protection Agency (HPA) with the collaboration of Public Health Wales for the collection of data for Wales. The latest surveillance report of HIV in the UK was published by the HPA in November 2010 and is available from the link: HIV in the United Kingdom: 2010 Report

  

The latest trends in the rate of HIV infection in Wales (and of other STIs) are available in the report:   HIV and STI Trends in Wales Report: March 2010 (PDF, 457KB) [data to the end of 2008]
 
As many of those who are infected do not know that they have acquired HIV, complex methods of surveillance are needed to estimate the number of people with HIV infection.
 
Within the UK, information on HIV infections is collected from several sources. The major sources of information for Wales are:
  • results of the HPA ‘Survey of Prevalent HIV Infections Diagnosed’ (SOPHID) Scheme. This is an annual survey of all patients seen for HIV related treatment or care. Reports from this survey are available from the HPA website from the link: HPA-SOPHID Survey
  • results of all clinical testing for HIV infection reported by the Public Health Wales Microbiology laboratories and NHS laboratories at

    Hereford and Royal Glamorgan Hospital (Public Health Wales CDSC HIV Denominator Surveillance Scheme)

  • newly diagnosed HIV reported to the HPA Centre for Infection (HIV New Diagnoses Quarterly Surveillance Tables)
  • results of screening blood donated in Wales by the Welsh Blood Service and National Blood Service (Merseyside and North Wales).
The data given below is reproduced from the latest HIV New Diagnoses Quarterly Surveillance Tables. These tables are available to download from the HPA website from the link: HPA-New Diagnoses of HIV Surveillance Tables
 
Numbers, particularly for recent years, may rise due to the delay in receiving some reports. Data presented here is to the end of June 2010. 

 

New diagnoses of HIV in Wales: 1981-2010


Epidemiology


Worldwide: To date around 65 million people have been infected with HIV globally and 25 million people have died of AIDS since it was first recognised in 1981. 

 
According to new data in the WHO AIDS epidemic update 2010, there were an estimated 2.6 million [2.3 million–2.8 million] people who became newly infected with HIV in 2009. This is nearly one fifth (19%) fewer than the 3.1 million [2.9 million–3.4 million] people newly infected in 1999, and more than one fifth (21%) fewer than the estimated 3.2 million [3.0 million–3.5 million] in 1997, the year in which annual new infections peaked.
 
In 33 countries, the HIV incidence has fallen by more than 25% between 2001 and 2009 (Figure. 2.2); 22 of these countries are in sub-Saharan Africa. In sub-Saharan Africa, where the majority of new HIV infections continue to occur, an estimated 1.8 million [1.6 million–2.0 million] people became infected in 2009; considerably lower than the estimated 2.2 million [1.9 million–2.4 million] people in sub-Saharan Africa newly infected with HIV in 2001. This trend reflects a combination of factors, including the impact of HIV prevention efforts and the natural course of HIV epidemics.
 
Several regions and countries do not fit the overall trend. In seven countries, the HIV incidence increased by more than 25% between 2001 and 2009. In Western, Central, and Eastern Europe, Central Asia, and North America, the rates of annual new HIV infections have been stable for at least the past five years. However, evidence is increasing of a resurgence of HIV in several high income countries among men who have sex with men. In Eastern Europe and Central Asia, high rates of HIV transmission continue to occur in networks of people who inject drugs and their sexual partners.
 
More information is available from the WHO website at: http://www.unaids.org/documents/20101123_GlobalReport_em.pdf
 
In 2009, the Health Protection Agency (HPA) estimated there were about 86,500 people of all ages with HIV living in the UK. Approximately 26% of these are undiagnosed and thus are unaware they are infected with HIV. During 2009, there were 6,630 new diagnoses of HIV in the UK. This represents a fourth year-on-year decline, largely due to fewer diagnoses among people infected heterosexually abroad, mostly in Sub-Saharan Africa.
 
New diagnoses among men who have sex with men remained high in 2009, and four out of every five probably acquired their infection in the UK.
Wales: In Wales up until the end of June 2010, there have been 1796 individuals diagnosed with HIV infection. However, this number may change due to the delay in receiving some reports.

 
The HPA reported 142 new diagnoses of HIV infection in Wales in 2009 and is relatively stable when compared to 2008 when 149 new diagnoses were reported. The highest number of new diagnoses in Wales since the start of the epidemic was recorded in 2007 at 188. Twenty-two new AIDS diagnoses and eleven deaths from an AIDS-related illness were reported from Wales in 2009.
 
During the 1980s and 1990s, newly diagnosed HIV positives were most frequently men who reported sex with other men (MSM). However the number of infections in patients reporting sex between men and women as their most likely source of infection has increased sharply in recent years.  
 
In Wales during 2009, the percentage of new diagnoses probably acquired by heterosexual contact was 37% (53 of 142 new diagnoses) and the number aquired through sex between men was 54% (76 of 142). 
  
With the rise in the numbers of those who acquired their infections heterosexually, there has been an increase in the numbers of women diagnosed. The number of new diagnoses in women in recent years has risen, from 6 in 1999 to 68 in 2006 (17% to 43% of total new positives) although a decrease in new diagnoses in women has been observed since. In 2009, 27% of all new HIV diagnoses were in women. Since 1999, all pregnant women have been offered an HIV test as a routine part of antenatal care.
 
A large proportion of heterosexually-acquired HIV infection in men is acquired overseas, usually in areas of Africa with a high prevalence of HIV infection. In 2009, nine new diagnoses were reported as being contracted through heterosexual contact from within the UK and 26 contracted heterosexually from overseas of which 14 were contracted in Africa.
  

Cumulatively, the majority of newly diagnosed infections have occurred through sex between men. This group remains at greatest risk of acquiring HIV infection within the UK including Wales.

 
The number of newly diagnosed HIV positives in Wales reporting injecting drug use as their most likely source of infection has remained low at less than 5 diagnoses per year since 2001. 
In total, 89 individuals reported probably contracting HIV through other means which include receiving contaminated blood/tissue products and from mother to infant.  Heat viral inactivation treatment of blood concentrates and blood donor screening was introduced in the UK in 1985. 
 
New infections acquired since 2002 via blood/tissue products were aquired outside of the UK.
 

HIV sophid 2007 2008

 
Data from the SOPHID survey which collects annual data on people resident in Wales receiving treatment for HIV/AIDS indicates that the number of people living in Wales and receiving treatment for HIV/AIDS was 1082 in 2008, giving a prevalence rate for HIV/AIDS in Wales of 37 per 100,000 population. This compares to 468 people in 2002. Data for 2009 is not yet available.
 
This increase in prevalence in recent years reflects an increase in new diagnoses but also improved survival due to better treatments and the immigration of people into Wales who have acquired their infection overseas.
 
In 2008, prevalent cases were most frequently (38%) 35 to 44 years old and reported as having an asymptomatic clinical stage of infection (46%). There was an increase in the number of cases in those aged 45 to 54 years (from 205 in 2007 to 250 in 2008), while all other age groups remained stable.
 
The SOPHID data also indicates a wide geographical variation in the rates of HIV in Wales, with the highest prevalences recorded in the urban centres of South Wales and along the North Wales coast.
 
More details about the prevalence of HIV in Wales using SOPHID data is available from the report:   HIV and STI Trends in Wales Report: March 2010 (PDF, 457KB) [data to the end of 2008] 
 

Requests for further surveillance data


If further surveillance data for HIV/AIDS in Wales is required, it may be possible to provide it on special request. Please use the surveillance data request form provided from this link.
 
 

Links to other HIV/AIDS surveillance


http://www.wales.nhs.uk/sites3/page.cfm?orgId=457&pid=26424

anonymous (not verified)
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All Wales HIV Network

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